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It is reported in the two saheehs from the hadeeth
of Abu Hurairah (radiyallāhu ʿanhu) who said that Allah’s Messenger (salallāhu ʿalaihi wasallam) said:
إِنَّ الْعَبْدَ لَيَتَكَلَّمُ بِالْكَلِمَةِ مِنْ رِضْوَانِ اللَّهِ
لاَ يُلْقِي لَهَا بَالاً يَرْفَعُ اللَّهُ بِهَا دَرَجَاتٍ وَإِنَّ الْعَبْدَ
لَيَتَكَلَّمُ بِالْكَلِمَةِ مِنْ سَخَطِ اللَّهِ لاَ يُلْقِي لَهَا بَالاً
يَهْوِي بِهَا فِي جَهَنَّمَ
“A slave of Allah may utter a word which pleases Allah without giving it much importance, and because of that Allah will raise him in degrees—and a slave of Allah may utter a word (carelessly) which displeases Allah without thinking of its gravity and because of that he will be thrown into the Hell-Fire.”
(Bukhari, no. 6478)
SOURCE: https://abukhadeejah.com/backbiting-evil-and-permissible-critism-in-defence-of-islam/